A atuação das Ligas Acadêmicas vinculadas à Associação Brasileira das Ligas de Cirurgia Plástica / The Performance of Academic Leagues Linked to the Brazilian Association of Plastic Surgery Leagues

Introdução: As Ligas Acadêmicas de Cirurgia Plástica (LCP) são organizações estudantis que objetivam complementar a formação acadêmica em cirurgia plástica. Atuam por meio dos pilares de ensino, pesquisa e extensão que promovem o contato dos estudantes com a realidade social em que estão inseridos, permitindo-os entender as verdadeiras necessidades da população e atuar como agentes de transformação social. No entanto, a abordagem do tema na literatura ainda é incipiente. O presente trabalho objetiva descrever a atuação das LCP vinculadas à Associação Brasileira das Ligas de Cirurgia Plástica (ABLCP). Métodos: Tratou-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo, multicêntrico de abordagem qualiquantitativa, mediante a aplicação de um questionário de 19 perguntas construídas de modo a evitar os vieses demonstrados no Catálogo de Vieses em Questionários. Resultados: Foi observado que existem 78 LCPs e 1873 ligantes, presentes em 58 cidades ao longo de 20 estados, sendo a Região Sudeste com o maior número de ligas e ligantes, já a Região Norte apresenta a menor quantidade de ligas e alunos. Além do mais, foi visto que 78,2% das ligas são vinculadas à ABLCP e apresentam atividades nos três eixos (educação, pesquisa e extensão). Em geral, as ligas têm menos participação em pesquisa. Conclusão: A ABLCP objetiva melhorar a performance das ligas, inspecionar e estimular suas atividades, uma vez que as ligas possuem um papel importante na educação médica.

Introduction: The Academic Leagues are non-profit autonomous civil and scientific student entities, of indefinite duration, which brings together medical students and professors. The Brazilian Association of Plastic Surgery Leagues (ABLCP) is an organization linked to the Brazilian Society of Plastic Surgery (SBCP), considered its academic segment, thus establishing the proximity between Academic Leagues of Plastic Surgery (PSL) and SBCP. The present study aims to describe the profile of the associated leagues. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, multicenter study with qualitative and quantitative approach through application of an online questionnaire with 19 questions. Duplicated or unfinished records were excluded. Results: It was observed that there are 78 PSLs and 1873 binders, present in 58 cities arranged in 20 federative units, being the Southeast region with the largest number of alloys and binders and the one with the smallest number was the North region. In addition, it was observed that 78.2% of the PSLs linked to the ABLCP presented activities in the three axes (Education, Research and Extension/Assistance) simultaneously. In general, the Leagues obtained less participation in research. Conclusions: ABLCPs performance in relation to LCPs has the objective of seeking alignment, inspection and stimulus for their activities, since alloys have an important role in medical education.

Gran tumor cardiaco de cavidades derechas con infiltración pulmonar en una mujer joven / Large right-cavity cardiac tumor with pulmonary infiltration in a young woman

Introducción: El diagnóstico diferencial de una masa intracavitaria incluye las variantes normales, los trombos, las vegetaciones y las neoplasias. Los tumores cardíacos primarios son poco frecuentes, con una incidencia que varía del 0,0017 por ciento al 0,28 por ciento y las metástasis aparecen entre el 1,5 por ciento al 20,6 por ciento de las necropsias de los enfermos neoplásicos. Objetivo: Presentar una paciente con masa en ventrículo derecho y vértice pulmonar derecho, con diagnóstico de rabdomiosarcoma cardíaco con metástasis pulmonar. Caso clínico: Paciente femenina de 46 años sin enfermedad previa ni hábitos tóxicos, que ingresa en el servicio de Medicina Interna del Hospital Militar Dr. Carlos J. Finlay, por falta de aire y síntomas dispépticos. Evoluciona de forma tórpida en 48 días, con progresión de la disnea, asociada a hipotensión y taquicardia. Hubo una sospecha inicial de tromboeembolismo pulmonar y luego de enfermedad neoplásica, intracavitaria o pulmonar. Conclusiones: El rabdomiosarcoma cardíaco es poco frecuente y se caracteriza por su crecimiento rápido que conduce a la muerte en semanas o meses, a partir del momento de su presentación clínica(AU)

Introduction: The differential diagnosis of an intracavitary mass includes normal variants, thrombi, vegetations and neoplasms. Primary cardiac tumors are rare, with an incidence ranging from 0.0017 percent to 0.28 percent and metastases appear in 1.5 percent to 20.6 percent of necropsies in neoplastic patients. Objective: To present a patient with a right ventricular and right lung apex mass diagnosed with cardiac rhabdomyosarcoma with pulmonary metastases. Clinical case: A 46-year-old female patient with no previous illness or toxic habits was admitted to the Internal Medicine Service of Military Hospital Dr. Carlos J. Finlay due to lack of air and dyspeptic symptoms. Torpid evolution in 48 days with progression of dyspnea associated with hypotension and tachycardia. Initial suspicion of pulmonary thromboeembolism and then neoplastic, intracavitary or pulmonary disease. Conclusions: Cardiac rhabdomyosarcoma is rare and characterized by rapid growth leading to death within weeks or months from the time of clinical presentation(AU)

La enfermedad cerebrovascular y sus factores de riesgo / The cerebrovascular disease and their risk factors

Introducción: Las enfermedades cerebrovasculares son la tercera causa de muerte y la primera de invalidez en el mundo. Objetivo: Medir las asociaciones entre los ictus cerebrovasculares y sus factores de riesgo. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, la serie estuvo conformada por 904 pacientes con diagnóstico al ingreso de enfermedad cerebrovascular, en el período comprendido entre junio 2017 a junio 2018, en el Hospital Militar Central "Dr. Carlos J. Finlay". Se analizaron las formas clínicas de enfermedad cerebrovascular, a partir de las variables edad, sexo, hábito de fumar, alcoholismo, hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus, hipercolesterolemia e hipertrigliceridemia. Se utilizaron como medidas de resumen, las frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Resultados: El 54,7 por ciento de los pacientes eran mayores de 70 años y el 58,7 por ciento del sexo masculino. El hábito de fumar se constató en el 87,7 por ciento de pacientes con ictus aterotrombótico y en el 89,2 por ciento de los que tuvieron hemorragias intraparenquimatosas y el alcohol en el 64,6 por ciento de los pacientes con hemorragias intraparenquimatosas. Más del 80 por ciento de los pacientes con ictus isquémicos y hemorrágicos, eran hipertensos. El ictus cardioembólico se asoció en el 91,9 por ciento, con arritmia cardiaca. Conclusiones: La enfermedad cerebrovascular predominó por encima de los 70 años y del sexo masculino. Los ictus isquémicos son más frecuentes que los hemorrágicos. La hipertensión arterial y la diabetes mellitus fueron los factores de riesgo más frecuentes, tanto en los ictus isquémicos como hemorrágicos(AU)

Introduction: Cerebrovascular disease is the third leading cause of death and the first cause of disability in the world. Objective: To measure the associations between cerebrovascular strokes and their risk factors. Methods: A descriptive study was carried out, the series was made up of 904 patients diagnosed upon admission of cerebrovascular disease, in the period from June 2017 to June 2018 at the Hospital Militar Central Dr. Carlos J. Finlay. The different clinical forms of cardiovascular diseases were analyzed based on the variables age, sex, smoking, alcoholism, high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Absolute and relative frequencies were used as summary measures. Results: 54.7 percent of patients were older than 70 years and 58.7 percent were male. Smoking was found in 87.7 percent of atherothrombotic stroke and in 89.2 percent of intraparenchymal hemorrhages and alcohol in 64.6 percent of intraparenchymal hemorrhages. More than 80 percent of the patients with ischemic and haemorrhagic stroke were hypertensive, and cardioembolic stroke was associated in 91.9 percent with cardiac arrhythmia. Conclusions: Cerebrovascular disease was predominant over 70 years old and male. Ischemic strokes are more frequent than hemorrhagic ones. High blood pressure and diabetes mellitus were the most frequent risk factors for both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes(AU)

Anemia hemolítica autoinmune como forma de presentación de enfermedad inflamatoria del intestino / Autoimmune hemolytic anemia as a form of presentation of inflammatory bowel disease

Las anemias hemolíticas autoinmunes son las caracterizadas por la destrucción de los hematíes debida a la producción de autoanticuerpos por el paciente, dirigidos contra sus propios antígenos eritrocitarios. La asociación con enfermedad inflamatoria del intestino está descrita, pero no es de las asociaciones más frecuentes. Se presenta un caso de una paciente de 64 años de edad, que acude por diarreas y decaimiento, aparecen evolutivamente durante su ingreso lesiones ulceradas orales y perianales. Los exámenes complementarios mostraron una anemia hemolítica Coombs positiva. Los estudios endoscópicos del tubo digestivo, mostraron ulceración continua de todo el colon desde el ciego hasta el ano y pérdida de las austras, imagenológicamente se hizo evidente el aumento de tamaño del bazo en el curso de la hemólisis. Recibió tratamiento con esteroides y mesalazina por vía oral, desaparecieron las manifestaciones de hemólisis extravascular y mejoró la sintomatología digestiva. Se concluyó histológicamente como una enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal tipo colitis ulcerosa(AU)

Autoimmune haemolytic anemias are those characterized by the destruction of the red cells due to the production of autoantibodies by the patient, against their own erythrocyte antigens. The association with inflammatory bowel disease is described but it is not the most frequent associations. We present a case of a 64-year-old patient who came with diarrhea and decay, oral and perianal ulcerated lesions appeared progressively during admission. Complementary tests showed a positive Coombs hemolytic anemia, endoscopic studies of the digestive tract, continuous ulceration of all the colon from the caecum to the anus and loss of the austras, with imaging came out the enlargement of the spleen in the course of the hemolysis. Was treated with steroids and mesalazine oraly, the manifestations of extravascular hemolysis disappeared and digestive symptoms improved. Was concluded histologically as an inflammatory bowel disease type ulcerative colitis(AU)